Complexity Engineering Medicine

QCM2 Distinguishes Between Real and Fake Images

Generative Artificial Intelligence has the capability of generating fakes that are indistinguishable from the real thing. Clearly, in order to say that, we must have the real thing as a point of reference. Not always we do. Suppose that one generates the image of a “new” painting by Leonardo da Vinci, a painting that supposedly hasn’t been discovered yet. Clearly, we’re speaking of an image of a painting, not an actual painting on a canvas. In such a case, it would be up to the experts to say if it is potentially a real Leonardo or not. Not always do we have the luxury of expert opinion.

Let’s look at an easier case – that of two images of a painting, one known to be genuine, the other known to be a very high-quality copy, obtained from the original by microscopic modifications. Suppose it is the case shown below:

The QCM2 algorithm has been used to process both images. However, a new image pre-processing technique – the LPG technique – has been developed, which amplifies certain image features prior to QCM2 processing. The technique is proprietary. An example of a pre-processed image is illustrated below:

It is this image that is fed into the QCM2 algorithm. The pre-processed images are mapped onto Complexity Maps. These are still very similar but the differences between the two are now amplified.

The degree of similarity between the two maps, hence the images, is 99.78%.
The separation is 0.22% and is sufficient to say that the images are not
identical.

The above technique is currently being tested on medical images, such as MRI or CAT scans.

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Established originally in 2005 in the USA, Ontonix is a technology company headquartered in Como, Italy. The unusual technology and solutions developed by Ontonix focus on countering what most threatens safety, advanced products, critical infrastructures, or IT network security - the rapid growth of complexity. In 2007 the company received recognition by being selected as Gartner's Cool Vendor. What makes Ontonix different from all those companies and research centers who claim to manage complexity is that we have a complexity metric. This means that we MEASURE complexity. We detect anomalies in complex defense systems without using Machine Learning for one very good reason: our clients don’t have the luxury of multiple examples of failures necessary to teach software to recognize them. We identify anomalies without having seen them before. Sometimes, you must get it right the first and only time!

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