Complexity

How Complex is the Ulam Spiral?

Ulam_spiral.jpg

From Wikipedia: “The Ulam spiral, or prime spiral (in other languages also called the Ulam Cloth) is a simple method of visualizing the prime numbers that reveals the apparent tendency of certain quadratic polynomials to generate unusually large numbers of primes. It was discovered by the mathematician Stanislaw Ulam in 1963…”

How complex is it? Here goes the Complexity Map of the above image:

Ulam_map
These are the corresponding complexity measures:

Ulam_complexity

The high robustness of the image – 76.8% – means that its structure is relatively strong. This means, for example, that the image may be de-focused and still transmit most of the information it contains.

The amount of information the image transmits is nearly 154 cbits (complexity bits).

www.ontonix.com

Established originally in 2005 in the USA, Ontonix is a technology company headquartered in Como, Italy. The unusual technology and solutions developed by Ontonix focus on countering what most threatens safety, advanced products, critical infrastructures, or IT network security - the rapid growth of complexity. In 2007 the company received recognition by being selected as Gartner's Cool Vendor. What makes Ontonix different from all those companies and research centers who claim to manage complexity is that we have a complexity metric. This means that we MEASURE complexity. We detect anomalies in complex defense systems without using Machine Learning for one very good reason: our clients don’t have the luxury of multiple examples of failures necessary to teach software to recognize them. We identify anomalies without having seen them before. Sometimes, you must get it right the first and only time!

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